Journal of Chiropractic Medicine
Volume 8, Issue 3 , Pages 95-100 , September 2009

Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging hypolordosis in symptomatic patients: association with paraspinal muscle spasms

  • John W. Gilbert, MD

      Affiliations

    • Spine and Brain Neurosurgical Center, Lexington, KY 40503
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Spine and Brain Neurosurgical Center, 1721 Nicholasville Rd, Lexington, KY 40503, USA. Tel.: +1 859 252 6500; fax: +1 859 252 3073.
    web address
    • ,
  • Greg R. Wheeler, MD

      Affiliations

    • Spine and Brain Neurosurgical Center, Lexington, KY 40503
    • ,
  • Benjamin B. Storey, MD

      Affiliations

    • Spine and Brain Neurosurgical Center, Lexington, KY 40503
    • ,
  • Gregory E. Mick, DO

      Affiliations

    • Spine and Brain Neurosurgical Center, Lexington, KY 40503
    • ,
  • Stephanie L. Herder, MD

      Affiliations

    • Spine and Brain Neurosurgical Center, Lexington, KY 40503
    • ,
  • Gay Richardson, MD

      Affiliations

    • Spine and Brain Neurosurgical Center, Lexington, KY 40503
    • ,
  • William H. Wyttenbach, MD

      Affiliations

    • Spine and Brain Neurosurgical Center, Lexington, KY 40503
    • ,
  • J. Chad Martin, DC

      Affiliations

    • Pikeville College, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Pikeville, KY 41501

Received 3 February 2009 ,Revised 1 May 2009 ,Accepted 10 May 2009.

References 

  1. Pearcy M, Portek I, Shepherd J. The effect of low-back pain on lumbar spinal movements measured by three-dimensional x-ray analysis. Spine. 1985;10:150–153
  2. Fedorak C, Ashworth N, Marshall J, Paull H. Reliability of the visual assessment of cervical and lumbar lordosis: how good are we?. Spine. 2003;28:1857–1859
  3. Lovell FW, Rothstein JM, Personius WJ. Reliability of clinical measurements of lumbar lordosis taken with a flexible rule. Phys Ther. 1989;69:96–105
  4. Hansson T, Bigos S, Beecher P, Wortley M. The lumbar lordosis in acute and chronic low back pain. Spine. 1985;10:154–155
  5. Murrie VL, Dixon AK, Hollingworth W, Wilson H, Doyle TA. Lumbar lordosis; study of patients with and without low back pain. Clin Anat. 2003;16:144–147
  6. Latimer J, Lee M, Adams R, Moran CM. An investigation of the relationship between low back pain and lumbar posteroanterior stiffness. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1996;19:587–591
  7. Evcik D, Yucel A. Lumbar lordosis in acute and chronic low back pain patients. Rheumatol Int. 2003;23:163–165
  8. American Academy of Pain Management, Pain program accreditation. Sonora (Calif): American Academy of Pain Management. Available at: http://www.aapainmanage.org/programs/PPAMain.php.
  9. Gilbert JW, Wheeler GR, Lingreen RA, Scheiner SJ, Upadhyay SP, Gyarteng-Dakwa K. Compliance in chronic noncancer pain patients on long-acting opiates, short-acting opiates, or non-opiates. Am J Pain Manag. 2006;16:121–127
  10. Gilbert JW, Wheeler GR, Lingreen RA, et al. The ten Cs of chronic noncancer pain: universal precautions for the chronic noncancer pain patient. Am J Pain Manag. 2004;15:22–32
  11. Brown RL, Leonard T, Saunders LA, Papasouliotis O. The prevalence and detection of substance use disorders among inpatients ages 18 to 49: an opportunity for prevention. Prev Med. 1998;27:101–110
  12. United Healthcare . Physician guidelines: current evidence-based recommendations regarding imaging. Minneapolis: United Health Group; 2006;
  13. ACR.org [homepage on the Internet]. City: American College of Radiology; c 2004-09. Available from: http://www.acr.org/accreditation.aspx.
  14. Chen YL, Chen WJ, Chiou WK. An alternative method for measuring scoliosis curvature. Orthopedics. 2007;30:828–831
  15. Hicks G, George S, Nevitt M, Cauley J, Vogt M. Measurement of lumbar lordosis: inter-rater reliability, minimum detectable change and longitudinal variation. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2006;19:501–506
  16. Polly JD, Kilkelly F, McHale K, Asplund L, Mulligan M, Chang A. Measurement of lumbar lordosis: evaluation of intraobserver, interobserver, and technique variability. Spine. 1996;21:1530–1535
  17. Gilbert JW, Wheeler GR, Lingreen RA, et al. Imaging in the position that causes pain. Surg Neurol. 2008;69:463–465
  18. Gilbert JW, Wheeler GR, Lingreen RA, Johnson RK, Scheiner SJ, Gibbs RD. Upright weight-bearing cervical flexion/extension dynamic magnetic resonance imaging: case report and review of the literature. Eur J Radiol Extra. 2006;60:121–124
  19. Gilbert JW, Wheeler GR, Lingreen RA, Johnson RR. Open stand-up MRI: a new instrument for positional neuroimaging. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2006;19:151–154
  20. Panjabi MM, Pelker RR, White AA. Biomechanics of the spine. In:  Wilkins RH,  Rengachary SS editor. Neurosurgery. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1985;p. 2219–2222
  21. Troyanovich SJ, Harrison D, Harrison D. Low back pain and the lumbar intervertebral disk: clinical considerations for the doctor of chiropractic. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1999;22:96–104
  22. Jensen MC, Brant-Zawadzki MN, Obuchowski N, Modic MT, Malkasian D, Ross JS. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in people without back pain. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:69–73
  23. Fryer G, Morris T, Gibbons P. Paraspinal muscles and intervertebral dysfunction: part one. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2004;27:267–274
  24. Fryer G, Morris T, Gibbons P. Paraspinal muscles and intervertebral dysfunction: part two. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2004;27:348–357
  25. Ahern D, Hannon D, Goreczny A, Follick M, Parziale J. Correlation of chronic low-back pain behavior and muscle function examination of the flexion-relaxation response. Spine. 1990;15:92–95
  26. Malanga G, Dennis R. Use of medications in the treatment of acute low back pain. Clin Occup Environ Med. 2006;5:643–653
  27. Ng JK, Richardson CA, Kippers V, Parnianpour M. Comparison of lumbar range of movement and lumbar lordosis in back pain patients and matched controls. J Rehabil Med. 2002;34:109–113
  28. Chernukha K, Daffner R, Reigel D. Lumbar lordosis measurement: a new method versus Cobb technique. Spine. 1998;23:74–79
  29. Howard F. Physical examination. In:  Howard F,  Perry C,  Carter J,  El-Minawi A editor. Pelvic pain: diagnosis & treatment. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2000;p. 529
  30. Kim HJ, Chung S, Kim S, Shin H, Lee J, Kim S, et al. Influences of trunk muscles on lumbar lordosis and sacral angle. Eur Spine J. 2006;15:409–414
  31. Bayramoglu M, Akman MN, Kilinc S, Cetin N, Yavuz N, Ozker R. Isokinetic measurements of trunk muscle strength in women with chronic low back pain. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;80:650–655

☆ No funding sources or conflicts of interest were reported for this study.

PII: S1556-3707(09)00067-4

doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2009.05.001

Journal of Chiropractic Medicine
Volume 8, Issue 3 , Pages 95-100 , September 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution